The 13th European Aviation Conference (EAC). Warsaw, 10-12 November 2025. At Lazarski University in Warsaw, Poland.
We presented the research titled: “Navigating Turbulence: A Critical Analysis of GHG Reporting in European Aviation” as part of the AZERO project.
Presentation was held on Mon 10 Nov 11:00 Aviation Decarbonisation: A Bibliometric Analysis of Productivity, Research Trends, and Gaps.
Navigating Turbulence: A Critical Analysis of GHG Reporting in European Aviation
Luis Martín-Domingo1, 2; Marina Efthymiou 1; and Miguel Mújica-Mota3
1: Dublin City University; 2: Ozyegin University; 3: Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences
Abstract
This study systematically evaluates the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reporting of 16 major European airline groups, focusing on mandatory and voluntary KPIs. Analysis of sustainability reports reveals progress in core metrics like Scope 1 CO₂ emissions, driven by regulatory alignment. However, significant gaps persist, particularly concerning Scope 2 and 3 emissions, Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), and non-CO₂ effects. The proliferation of non-standardized voluntary KPIs complicates comparability and introduces risks of greenwashing. While frameworks like the CSRD and EU ETS foster improvements, the findings underscore an urgent need for greater methodological harmonization to ensure transparency and accountability in meeting climate goals.
Keywords
GHG emissions reporting, Transparency, Airlines, Europe